CBSE 12th CS Unit - 2 Chapter 6 - NETWORK PROTOCOLS

 TOPIC – 6

Network Protocols: The Rules of the Digital Road

Network protocols are like the traffic rules of the internet, ensuring that devices can communicate and understand each other. Here are some key network protocols:

1. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

• Function: The foundation of the World Wide Web, used to transfer web pages and other resources between a web server and a web browser.
• Diagram:

 

                                                            HTTP protocol diagram

2. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

• Function: Used to transfer files between a client and a server.
• Diagram:

 

                                                                FTP protocol diagram

3. PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol)

• Function: Establishes and maintains a direct connection between two devices, often used for dial-up connections.
• Diagram:

 

                                                            PPP protocol diagram

4. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

• Function: Used to send emails from a mail client to a mail server.
• Diagram:

                                                        SMTP protocol diagram

5. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)

• Function: A suite of protocols that form the foundation of the internet. TCP ensures reliable data delivery, while IP handles the addressing and routing of data packets.
• Diagram:

                                                TCP/IP protocol suite diagram

6. POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3)

• Function: Used to retrieve emails from a mail server to a mail client.
• Diagram:

 

                                                            POP3 protocol diagram

7. HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)

• Function: A secure version of HTTP that uses encryption to protect data transmitted between a web server and a web browser.
• Diagram:

 

                                                        HTTPS protocol diagram

8. TELNET (Telnet Protocol)

• Function: Allows users to remotely access and control another computer over a network.
• Diagram:

                                                TELNET protocol diagram

9. VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)

• Function: Enables voice communication over the internet, such as through applications like Skype and Zoom.
• Diagram:

                                                    VoIP protocol diagram

Terms:

• HTTP: The language your web browser speaks to websites.
• FTP: Used to download and upload files.
• PPP: Like a handshake to establish a connection.
• SMTP: Sends your emails.
• TCP/IP: The backbone of the internet.
• POP3: Downloads your emails to your computer.
• HTTPS: The secure version of HTTP for online shopping and banking.
• TELNET: Remotely controlling another computer.
• VoIP: Making phone calls over the internet.