Transmission Media
These are the pathways used to
transmit data between devices in a network. They can be broadly classified into
two types:
1. Wired Communication Media
- Twisted Pair Cable:
- Consists of two insulated copper wires twisted around
each other.
- Reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI).
- Commonly used in Ethernet networks and telephone
lines.
- Relatively inexpensive and easy to install.
- Limited bandwidth compared to other types of cables.
- Coaxial Cable:
- Consists of a central copper conductor surrounded by
insulation, a braided metal shield, and an outer plastic sheath.
- Better at shielding against interference than twisted
pair cable.
- Used in cable television and some high-speed internet
connections.
- Offers higher bandwidth than twisted pair cable.
- Fiber-optic Cable:
- Uses thin strands of glass or plastic to transmit data
as light signals.
- Offers very high bandwidth and is immune to
electromagnetic interference.
- Used for long-distance communication and high-speed
internet connections.
- More expensive to install and maintain than other
types of cables.
2. Wireless Media
- Radio Waves:
- Used in Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular networks, and radio
broadcasting.
- Can travel long distances, but can be affected by
obstacles and interference.
- Relatively inexpensive and easy to implement.
- Microwaves:
- Used for satellite communication, radar, and microwave
ovens.
- High-frequency radio waves that can travel through the
atmosphere.
- Used for long-distance point-to-point communication.
- Infrared Waves:
- Used for short-range communication, such as remote
controls.
- Cannot penetrate solid objects.
- Limited range and bandwidth compared to other wireless
technologies.
In Simple Terms
- Imagine you want to send a message to a friend.
- Wired media:
Like sending a letter through a mail tube or a courier service.
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